This year’s World Population Day comes at a special moment for
Kenya. In just over a month’s time, the country will conduct a
much-awaited population census whose result will be crucial in driving
its medium-term socio-economic planning decisions.
The survey, scheduled for August 22 to 25, will grant technocrats a more precise account of the country’s population.
A lot has changed since Kenya conducted its last population census with officials having to rely on estimates to plan.
Besides
population growth since the last census in 2009, the country’s
governance system has transformed into a two-tier one — necessitating
fresh data to capture the shifts in development and financing needs
across the various sectors of the economy.
New
population figures will be particularly important to the counties which
now handle key functions including agriculture, water and health.
The
47 devolved units established in 2013 and national government continue
to grapple with lack of population specifics in budgeting and planning
on resource allocations and next month’s exercise is set to address the
information gap.
“The information will be collected at
low levels and we look forward to be getting statistics by county which
should help them in the CIDPs (County Integrated Development Plans), get
accurate information on resource allocation in the counties and also
monitor development programmes,” Treasury Secretary Henry Rotich said.
The estimated 10 million increase in population since 2009 has
further shone spotlight on the strain on existing infrastructure in
health, security and water, with the government rolling out ambitious
plans to address the challenges.
President Uhuru
Kenyatta launched the Big Four Agenda tied to food security, affordable
housing, manufacturing growth and healthcare. The four sectors have been
allocated Sh450.9 billion in the current year, an increase of Sh50
billion from the 2017-18 period underlining the government’s resolve to
improve the citizen’s lives.
Reliance on estimates
A lack
of up-to-date data on the population and trends in the health, education
and jobs sectors has however left counties and national government
relying on estimates and outdated data to budget for programmes.
Education
levels, people living with disabilities, housing conditions, marital
status and for the first time, information on household involvement in
agriculture form part of the information to be captured.
Agriculture
accounts for a third of the country’s economic output and information
on the number of families in subsistence and commercial farming will
boost government’s planning in addressing food insecurity and job
creation in the industry. The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)
is banking on the use of the digital devices to speed up results with
the provisional numbers set to be ready by next March to form the basis
of county and national budgets for the 2020-21 period.
“By March we will have preliminary results then by the end of
the year we will have the in-depth analytical reports … we will also
have county specific reports and this will help the units plan in their
development agenda,” Zachary Mwangi, the KNBS director-general, said on
Tuesday.
The lack of updated data on the country’s
numbers comes at a time when the country continues to experience high
levels of extreme poverty underlining President Kenyatta’s ambitions by
2022.
The World Poverty Clock report last year ranked
Kenya eighth globally and sixth in Africa among countries with the
largest number of people living in extreme poverty.
The
further said that 29 per cent (14.7 million) of the 49,684,304 people
are very poor and consume less than Sh197 ($1.90) per day or Sh5,910
monthly.
Counties top in the poverty list include Turkana with 756,306
people living in extreme poverty followed by Bungoma that had 726,012.
Data
to be captured next month comes at a time the government has rolled-out
the ambitious National Integrated Identity Management System (Niims)
and National Education Management Information System (Nemis) with
questions on their success.
While Niims, popularly
known as Huduma Number, will capture details on employment, education,
land ownership and marital status among others to be accessed under a
single portal, the process is yet to hit a 90 percent success rate.
The
Ministry of Education in February 2018 launched Nemis to capture
learners’ data in both primary and secondary schools that forms the
basis for student funding across the two levels.
However as of February, official data showed that only 6.8
million learners out of a possible 13 million, had been captured by
Nemis raising questions of ghost learners even as schools struggle with
insufficient funding.
The government provides Sh1,420
for every pupil in primary schools while those in the secondary level
get Sh22, 244 and fresh listing in next month’s census is timely.
As
Kenya marks the day set aside by the United Nations in 1989 to raise
awareness on issues facing the global population, it is also grappling
with increasing cases of human-wildlife conflict.
The
Kenya Wildlife Service, the State agency in charge of the country’s
national parks and reserves, has blamed the fights for natural resources
like water and human encroachment on the wildlife’s natural habitats
for the conflicts that continue to claim both humans and fauna.
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