Tuesday, February 26, 2013

Madhara ya kutoa michango ya pensheni mapema kwenye mifuko ya hifadhi ya jamii




Approximately 90 per cent of listed voters did not bother to verify their registration details in January as advised by the electoral commission and some 12.9 million voters are at high risk of discovering erroneous entries regarding their registration details on the voting day. FILE/NATION

Na Christian Gaya: Majira 25. 2013
Kwa nchi nyingine kuondoa michango ya pensheni mapema inaruhusiwa kwa kuwepo na sheria kama vile ya Mfuko wa Akiba ya Wafanyakazi wa Serikali (GEPF) ambao kila mwanachama ana akaunti yake ya michango ya pensheni au kama ilivyokuwa NPF yaani shirika la akiba ya taifa la wafanyakazi ambapo bunge la Jamhuri la muungano la Tanzania mwaka 1997 lilipofuta sheria Namba 36 ya NPF ya mwaka 1964 iliyokuwa inaruhusu kutoa michango ya pensheni kabla ya wakati wake na kupitisha sheria ya Namba 28 ya NSSF ya mwaka 1997 kuwa rasmi mfuko kamili wa hifadhi ya jamii unaendesha shughuli zake za pensheni kwa utaratibu wa bima ambapo hauruhusu kutoa michango ya pensheni iliyochangiwa na mwanachama pamoja na mwajiri kabla ya kufikisha umri wa miaka 55 kwa hiyari na miaka 60 ya lazima.

Kunaweza kuleta matatizo makubwa katika kuendesha mifuko hii ya jamii kama itaendelea kuendeshwa kisiasa  badala ya kitaalamu. Na kwa kufanya hivyo itafikia wakati ambapo inaweza kusababisha kuvunjika kwa amani na kuleta hasara kubwa kwa serikali kama mdhamini mkubwa wa mifuko hii ya jamii pale itakaposhidwa kuendesha shughuli zao kama sheria na vifungo vya sheria vilivyopitishwa ndani ya sheria hizo  za NSSF, LAPF, PSPF, LAPF, NHIF, na PPF hasa kwa vizazi vijavyo na wazee wataokuwepo wakati huo hasa hawa wanaochangia kwa sasa kwa ajili ya pale wakapostaafu.

Ingawa baadhi ya wataalamu wanasema kutoa michango mapema kabla ya wakati kisheria kutasaidai kuwamotisha watu wengi kuweka akiba kwa kujiunga  na mifuko ya hifadhi ya jamii zaidi na kwamba hata wanachama hai wanaweza kuwa tayari kuchangia kiwango kikubwa zaidi kama sheria itabadilika na inaweza kusaidia kuwaamusha wengi zaidi kwa wale ambao wako nje ya uwingo huu wa hifadhi ya jamii hasa wamama, vijana pamoja na kundi la watu wengi wenye kipato cha chini kama vile  wamama na wababa na hasa kwa watanzania wote ambao hawana kabisa hifadhi hii ya muhimu ya jamii ambayo ni haki ya kila mtu kupata huduma hii kulingana na katiba ya Jamhuri ya muungano wa Tanzania na ya shirika la kazi la dunia yaani ILO ya mwaka 1952

Pamoja na haya yote idadi kubwa ya wananchi hasa wachangiaji wa michango hii ya pensheni wanahitaji kupata michango yao mapema kabla ya wakati wake bila ya kujitambua ya kuwa kwa kufanya hivyo wanapunguza na kujiingiza kwenye mazingira hatarishi hasa wakati atakapofikia kustaafu au kupatwa na janga lolote lile ambalo linaweza kutokea wakati anafanya kazi.

Utafiti umeonyesha kuwa ni watanzania wachache wanaweka akiba kwa ajili ya siku zijazo katika akaunti na benki. Taarifa hiyo inasema kuwa watanzania wengi hupendelea kuweka fedha nyumbani au kutumia kwa ajili ya mavazi, chakula na vinywaji. Wataalamu wanasema kuwa tabia hii ya kutoweka fedha inaashiria tatizo kubwa zaidi, ambalo ni kukukosekana kwa tabia na utamaduni wa kuweka akiba, kutoka kizazi kimoja hadi kingine.

Lakini kwa upande mwingine unaporuhusu kutoa michango ya pensheni mapema kabla ya muda wake kisheria kunaweza kuongezea ugumu mkubwa zaidi kwa upande wa utawala na menejimenti ya mfuko wa hifadhi ya jamii. Ugumu huu wa kazi lazima nao utaongeza gharama za uendeshaji ambapo matokeo yake unaweza kuja kupunguza ukubwa wa chungu cha mfuko wa pensheni au thamani ya mfuko wa pensheni ambacho wawekezaji wachangiaji wa akiba au wanachama baaada ya kustaafu wakipate.   Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa mfanyakazi mwenye afya kamili inayotakiwa katika muda wake wa kuajiriwa inatakiwa afanye kazi kwa muda wa usiozidi miaka 35 ili kupata kunufaika hadi mwisho na fao linalotakiwa katika maisha yake

Unapoamua ni lini unataka kuanza kupata mafao yako, kama mwanachama mchangiaji unahitajika kujua vipengele muhimu pamoja na mahitaji ya haraka ya mapato yako, upatikanaji na kiwango cha rasilimali zingine za kustaafu, na maamuzi mengine kama utaendelea kufanya kazi. Kama huna sababu ya mahitaji ya haraka ya mafao, kwa kuwa itakuwa ni maamuzi ambayo siyo ya busara kabisa kuanza kutumia mafao yako wakati bado unafanya kazi. Madhara makubwa ya kudumu ya kuwahi kustaafu mapema ni kuwepo na kupunguziwa na mafao yako ambayo ungeweza kupata mafao bora zaidi kama ungeamua kuendelea kufanya kazi mpaka unapofikisha umri wa kustaafu, na pengine ni kukatwa kwa kodi ya mapato kwenye mafao ya pensheni yako.

Kwa kufanya hivyo inasababisha kupunguza sana mafao ya pensheni halisi ambayo ulitakiwa uyapate hata kwa wafanyakazi wenye mapato wastani ya mwaka. Hata hivyo unapoteza haki yako ya kupata mafao yako ya muda muda mfupi kama vile matibabu, kulipwa na kupewa viungo bandia unapopata ajali unapokuwa kazini, mafao ya mazishi, na mafao ya uzazi kwa wamama.

Kwa msingi kamili wa fao ni uhakika kuwa mtu atakuwa na utaratibu wa fulani wa kusimamia katika miaka yote atakayokuwa kazini na kuhakikisha kuwa mwajiri wako anapeleka michango yake katika ofisi ya hifadhi ya jamii fulani pale alipo na kuhakikisha kuwa unajua hata jinsi ya kukokotoa pensheni yako na mafao mengine ya muda mfupi. Ni wewe mwenyewe unatakiwa kujua ya kuwa katika hifadhi ya jamii je kuna kustaafu mapema na ukistaafu mapema yaani kabla ya kufikisha mwaka wa kustaafu unaweza kupata pensheni pungufu na kiasi gani na baada ya miaka mingapi. Vile vile lazima ujue kama hayo mafao yako yanakatwa kodi ya makato au hayakatwi. Na kama yanakatwa kodi ya mapato ni kiasi gani yatakuwa yamepunguza mafao ya pensheni yako.

Monday, February 25, 2013

Special Reports Business & Finance Analysis Arts & Culture Blogs Country Profiles multimedia Sports PROGRESS We must drag our schools into the 21st century...

PHOTO | JARED NYATAYA Secondary school students spotted in Eldoret town head to their respective schools for this year's academic period on January 8, 2013





Tanzanian students – or better still Tanzania’s education system – made a splash last week when the 2012 ordinary level secondary school examination results were released.

Close to 54 per cent of examinees scored the lowest grade possible — Division Zero. In 2011, 32 per cent failed, so things are getting worse.

As if that were not bad enough, the students cheeked the Tanzanian education authorities by writing vulgarities and insults on the answer sheets, once they couldn’t answer the questions.

Tanzanians are supposed to be the region’s politest people, so this tells you in what horrible state etiquette is in East Africa.

Not surprisingly, the story attracted a lot of interest on the Internet and was widely discussed on social media. The majority of the people just despaired.

Some suggested education reform. Others concluded that the exams must be the problem, and needed to be changed. Yet others thought Tanzania has a really big problem, its students, and needed to import new hardworking ones from somewhere.

Tanzania’s students are, however, a mirror of their East African compatriots. Although students in Kenya and Uganda do better, examination achievements are in decline there too.

I think what makes Tanzania’s problem worse, is what should otherwise be its strong point — too much teaching in Kiswahili.

A few years ago, the Nation Media Group did a survey in Kenya to find out why so few people read the Kiswahili press. The majority of people replied that reading a Kiswahili newspaper reminded them of their worst time in school — Kiswahili class.

Invent stuff
Apparently, most Kiswahili teachers tend to be boring and authoritarian, and that sucks a lot of oxygen out of learning. One bad Kiswahili lesson kills the day. So first, countries like Tanzania and Kenya need to sex up the teaching of Kiswahili.

The other problem is a philosophical one. School children in East Africa are still taught pretty much the way things were done 30 years before the Internet and mobile phones. Secondary school students today have several times more information in their heads that they get from the Internet and TV, than we did. We knew little, they know too much — although a lot of it might be junk.

These kids therefore need to be taught less. Subjects need to be broken down into languages, numbers (maths), science, and general knowledge (current affairs/social studies) and creativity (art, design, music). Things like religion are a waste of children’s time. Let the mosques and churches take care of that.

Then, and most importantly, schools should establish “skunkworks” where children spend a lot of time fooling around and trying to invent stuff. As a general rule, most things that children can Google should be got rid of from school curricula.

Bad teachers should be sent home with generous packages so they can do something else. The remaining good teachers should be paid a high salary, and the rest of the available education funding spent on teaching a few subjects very well. No school child below 15 years of age should have to study more than four subjects in school.

Charles Onyango-Obbo is Nation Media Group’s executive editor for Africa & Digital Media. E-mail: cobbo@ke.nationmedia.com. Twitter: @cobbo3

Aga Khan to open 10 new health centres in Coast region

 Safaricom Limited chairman Charles Ng'ang'a (left) and Chief Executive Officer, Bob Collymore during the release of an unaudited half year financial results at the Safaricom House. The Safaricom executive has vouched for the integrity of the data that will be transmitted through its network by the electoral commission’s officials after voters cast their ballots. SALATON NJAU/NATION
 
By GALGALO BOCHA, gbocha@ke.nationmedia.com

Posted  Monday, February 25  2013 at  12:33

The Aga Khan Health Services Kenya will open 10 new health centres in Coast region in the next three years in its commitment to deliver quality health services to the residents.

AKHS Kenya Chief Executive Officer, Mr Noorali Momin said there are currently 32 Aga Khan Health centres operating in various parts of the country, five others in Uganda and one in Tanzania.

Speaking on Friday evening during launch of a new centre in Nyali upper market estate, Mombasa, Mr Momin said establishment of more health facilities is part of the realisation of the long term vision of the Aga Khan Development Network in the country and other neighbouring countries.

“The Aga Khan Health services Kenya intends to roll out 10 new centres in the coast region within the next 3 years to fulfill our commitment to deliver quality services closer to the people,” he said.

Mr Momin added: “The opening of this centre is to providing access to quality and affordable healthcare to the people of East Africa…In Coast region, we have three centres, in Malindi, Mtwapa and now in Nyali,” said the CEO in his keynote speech.

He said the new Nyali Health Centre located off Malindi-Mombasa Road next to Naivas supermarket will bring closer health services to Nyali and other Mombasa mainland residents especially during emergency cases.

The outreach centre will offer a wide range of services including general consultation, comprehensive laboratory test, X-rays, ultrasound and offer on sessional basis cardiology, paediatric, gynaecology and orthopaedic services.

Mr Momin said all Aga Khan Hospital outreach health centres will offer quality and professionalism services and maintained at the highest level in line with the various international accreditation already awarded to the hospital.

“The hospital is currently pursuing a quality gold standard in the health industry-the joint Common International Accreditation which is very well recognised in the USA. We will extend the same accreditation to the outreach centres in the near future,” he added.

Others speakers during the function include the chairman of the Aga Khan health services, Kenya Mr Moyez Alibhai and Coast regional director of public service ministry Dr Anisa Omar.

Financing women investors makes good business cents

A Kenya Women  Finance Trust official in a training session with members of a business club popularly known as ‘chama’. Educating and funding women entrepreneurs not only empower the family but also the nation. File

A Kenya Women Finance Trust official in a training session with members of a business club popularly known as ‘chama’. Educating and funding women entrepreneurs not only empower the family but also the nation. File 
By CAROL MUSYOKA

Posted  Sunday, February 24  2013 at  16:34
In Summary
  • Supporting start-ups run by female entrepreneurs has positive impact on society.

Following her husband’s death, his relatives claimed all his assets, throwing her out of their home with only her children and one cow to keep.

Traditional custom dictated that women had no claim on land or property and widows were expected to fend for themselves.

Not to take challenges lying down, she began leasing out the cow to neighbours who needed milk as she did not have any funds or property to use as collateral to start a business.

Slowly but steadily she began to get a regular income which she channelled into a microfinance institution aimed at empowering widows and girls to build up income generating asset bases.
That is how in 2002 Dr Victoria Kisyombe began Selfina, a microfinance institution in Tanzania that specialises in micro leasing.

By providing loans to women to buy anything from agricultural power tillers, animal feed mixers, catering equipment, tailoring and office equipment such as computers and photocopiers, Selfina empowered women to acquire assets without a history of credit, little or no financial literacy and absolutely no collateral.

The two critical elements in the Selfina proposition are financial empowerment and dignity to the woman. I learnt about this organisation at a workshop in Dar es Salaam last week that put together banks providing women specific product offerings as well as women entrepreneurs. I came away with one validation that I have previously written about.

Customers talk, talk and talk. Bankers selectively hear what they want and deliver what they can. There were brilliant presentations from many banks around the world that are taking women’s banking seriously.
Royal Bank of Scotland, for example, through its Emerging Innovations team, provides bespoke financial solutions to its female entrepreneur clients.

By understanding that the key to a successful borrower is financial literacy in the first instance, they provide business training to would be borrowers.

They also provide loans to several start-up businesses for women, despite the fact that one in every five start-ups collapse in the first 18 months.

When a start-up potential borrower passes the business training she then qualifies for a business loan as she has been educated on how to manage financial accounts as well as the lifeblood of any business — cash flow.

As a result 21 per cent of the portfolio income comes from start-up businesses whose success is also wind assisted by the bank’s online portal that showcases the borrower’s products and provides linkages to potential buyers.

There were several case studies from around the world’s developing economies such as Lebanon, Turkey, Kenya and Tanzania all of which came to four key elements required for a successful women’s banking proposition.

The bank should provide access to finance through unbiased loan decisions, access to information through financial education to its female borrowers and deeper product understanding, access to markets through linkages to buyers and finally access to networking where peer-to-peer collaboration and mentoring programmes are well embedded.

Thousands see off Mzee Amos Kaguta

 
By EMMANUEL GYEZAHO & ALFRED TUMUSHABE

Posted  Monday, February 25  2013 at  02:00
In Summary

Tanzania President Jakaya Kikwete among thousands of dignitaries who descended on Rwakitura village in Kiruhura District to bury President Museveni’s father.

 RWAKITURA
Thousands of mourners, including Tanzanian leader Jakaya Kikwete, joined President Museveni and his family yesterday to bid farewell to the President’s father, Mzee Amos Kaguta, who passed away on Friday.
Mr Kikwete was the only head of state present, flying into the country from official duty in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia although fellow leaders, Paul Kagame of Rwanda and Salva Kiir of South Sudan sent condolence messages.

On an afternoon of sweltering heat, the clouds turned grey to let out a slight drizzle and a somber mood filled the air at President Museveni’s ancestral home in Rwakituura, Kiruhura District as mourners paid homage to a man described as a patriot and an altruist.

At 1pm, Mzee Kaguta’s body was wheeled out of the President’s family house by pallbearers and ushered into the main courtyard where mourners who trickled in from in and out of the country in their hundreds sat under five large marquees.

Mr Museveni in tow with First Lady Janet Museveni, sister Violet Kajubiri and brother Gen. Salim Saleh and other members of the First Family, led by the clergy, marched in with the dark brown casket containing the body of Mzee Kaguta.

Mzee Kaguta, 96, died on Friday morning at the International Hospital Kampala, after a long battle with what family admitted were a number of ailments associated with old age. Family members and friends eulogized Mzee Kaguta as a hard working and nonconformist man, who defied the odds to live a simple life despite all the clout and privilege that may have come as a result of fathering a President.

Parliament Speaker Rebecca Kagada said in siring President Museveni, Mzee Kaguta had left an enduring legacy. “As President, we look to you as the father of this nation so in Mzee Amos, the nation has lost a grandfather,” said Ms Kadaga in her condolence message. “He has left a legacy of producing a son who has tremendously transformed this country.”

Several others who took to the podium spoke in awe of Mzee Kaguta. of a life well lived, telling of how he was a source of inspiration, while many spared a moment to thank Mr Museveni for honouring his father.
Ms Kajubiri said her father was a great man who led an ordinary family that was called by God to serve the country.
editorial@ug.nationmedia.com

Workers back MPs on wage review


Police block members of a trade union from demonstrating at the Constitutional Square last May during the Labour Day celebrations.
Police block members of a trade union from demonstrating at the Constitutional Square last May during the Labour Day celebrations. Labour unions want a workers’ minimum wage to protect them from exploitation. PHOTO BY ISAAC KASAMANI. 
By Mercy Nalugo

Posted  Monday, February 25  2013 at  02:00
In Summary

Labour unions say they have been lobbying for a minimum wage for a long time but leaders had failed to appreciate their contribution to the economy.


Kampala
Workers have backed a move by MPs drafting a private members’ Bill seeking to revise the country’s minimum wage.

The workers, through their labour unions, said they had lobbied the government for years to enact a law to save them from exploitation but there has been lack of political will. “We have been impressed by our representatives and we fully support them. Our workers have been exploited for years yet they deserve better,” Mr Wilson Owere, the National Organisation of Trade Unions chairperson, said.

The Bill, if passed into law, will introduce a minimum hourly amount that employers will pay their workers. Mr Owere said the Bill had been delayed since Uganda is the only country in East Africa without it. “We want a minimum wage sector by sector. We have over the years made a lot of noise to have a law on minimum wage but the government has not responded and we feel enough is enough,” Mr Owere said.

Dr Sam Lyomoki, the Confederation of Free Trade Unions secretary general, said whereas the MPs’ move is commendable, the government lacked the political will to defend workers’ interests. “The biggest challenge in the country is the fact that leaders do not appreciate the workers’ contribution to the economy,” Dr Lyomoki said.

MPs last week moved a bi-partisan motion seeking to revise the country’s minimum wage.
Workers’ MP Arinaitwe Rwakajara moved the motion supported by Mr Paul Mwiru ( Jinja Municipality East, FDC) and Mr James Mbahimba [Kasese Municipality, NRM).

The House overwhelmingly welcomed the motion and granted Mr Rwakajara leave to draft the Bill. The legislators also want employers who fail to comply with the Bill to pay a fine of Shs10 million and compensate workers.

Trade unionists have called for a review of labour laws but the government has not heeded to their demands. Their efforts have, however, met with steady resistance from the government, amid lobbying by some private sector interests.
mnalugo@ug.nationmedia.com

Equity, Co-op win race for control of diaspora cash


Equity and Co-operative banks have taken control of the diaspora remittances market, according to Central Bank data. Photo/File
Equity and Co-operative banks have taken control of the diaspora remittances market, according to Central Bank data. Photo/File 
By  Victor Juma

Posted  Thursday, February 21  2013 at  22:31
In Summary
  • Each of the two banks handled Sh1.1 billion or 12.3 per cent of the Sh8.9 billion remittances in January.
  • KCB finished behind Equity and Co-op with Sh1 billion or 11.2 per cent market share.

Equity and Co-operative banks rode on their large presence in retail banking market to gain control of the diaspora remittances, according to the latest Central Bank of Kenya data.

Each of the two banks handled Sh1.1 billion or 12.3 per cent of the Sh8.9 billion remittances in January, opening a new revenue stream that helped propel the growth of their deposits and transaction incomes.

The data are in line with industry trends that have given lenders with large customer base and branch network an edge over their rivals in the multi-billion-shilling international money transfer market.

“Banks with large numbers of retail customers and footprint are well positioned for control of the inward remittances market,” said Gideon Muriuki, the chief executive of Co-op Bank that has 3.5 million customers.

“More customers mean you handle a high volume of the remittances and a widespread presence offers convenience for recipients of the cash,” said Mr Muriuki.

KCB — another large retail bank — finished behind Equity and Co-op with Sh1 billion or 11.2 per cent market share.

The battle for control of the diaspora remittances market has intensified in recent times as the lenders jostle for a share of the transactional income that has become a multi-billion-shilling revenue stream.

The revenue comes in the form of fees that recipients of the fees pay banks for the transfers.
Equity, with eight million customers, earned Sh2.3 billion in transactional fees in 2011 or 22 per cent of the bank’s Sh10.3 billion net profit for the year.

For most of the lenders, the remittances also help build their deposits. The money is mainly used in short-term lending activities or to strengthen the lenders’ liquidity position.

KCB, for instance, opened 300 accounts worth millions of shillings for Kenyans living in the UK in the run-up to the London Olympics last year.

In the past three years, top banks have deepened their foray into the remittances market with the development of products and services targeted at investment needs of Kenyans in the diaspora.

The products include advisory and facilitation of transactions such as purchases of property, stocks, and fixed income instruments.

The diaspora market has also offered the lenders the opportunity to sell multiple products, giving an edge to the most diversified institutions.

KCB and Co-op, for instance, offer retail banking, mortgages, and investment or wealth management services to Kenyans living abroad.
  market share.
 
A steady growth in remittances cash has seen banks like KCB and Co-op establish departments that exclusively cater to the diaspora market. The latest data show that the effort is starting to bear fruit.

Diaspora remittances rose by 31.2 per cent to Sh93.5 billion last year compared to Sh75.7 billion in 2011 and have more than doubled from a base of Sh49 billion in 2007.

Northern America accounts for half of the total remittances followed by Europe at about 30 per cent. The rest of the cash comes mainly from Africa and Middle Eastern markets.

CBK data, however, shows that the remittances market is dominated by large retail banks or those that have strong partnerships with money transfer firms such as Moneygram.

Diamond Trust, which focuses on the SME market, is ranked fourth after KCB, having handled Sh800 million worth of remittances in January riding on multiple partnerships it has formed in the global money transfer space.

DTB has signed deals with Moneygram, Western Union, and NationHela — a money transfer service owned by the Nation Media Group.

Western Union, one of the oldest providers of international cash transfers, finished fourth with Sh558 million worth of remittances in the same period.

Safaricom, which has taken its M-Pesa service global, finished in the 15th position having transferred Sh126 million mainly from the UK.

Barclays Plc used its recently launched money transfer service Pingit to transfer Sh382 million leaving its local subsidiary in the ninth position. Pingit is a mobile-based service that allows customers to send money to each other.

Barclays is using the free money transfer service to attract retail customers and grow its deposit as it consolidates it subsidiaries in Africa.

The bank is in the final phase of a consolidation process that began four years ago and is expected to raise its share of the remittances.

Barclays announced last November that it is establishing a back office centre in Kenya that will link and process transactions in Sub Saharan Africa.

Insurers, who make most of their money from investing, are targeting Kenyans living abroad with investment products that are linked to the real eastate market.

The underwriters are also offering insurance covers to businesses and locally based relatives of Kenyans living abroad.

The battle for control of the remittances market is expected to intensify as the battered global economy recovers raising the earnings of Kenyans in diaspora.

“The volumes can rise further if Kenyans in the diaspora find reliable means of investing their money. Many complain of being ripped off by relatives,” said Nelson Kuria, the chief executive of CIC Insurance.

CIC, which plans to develop its 200-acre estate in Kiambu, says Kenyans in the diaspora have expressed interest in 300 of the planned units.

Property is the most preferred investment class by Kenyans abroad targeting profit from rents or capital gains.

Returns from Kenya’s property market have weathered the global economic downturn to remain stable — staying ahead of volatile equities and bonds.

Kenyans in the diaspora have relied heavily on friends and relatives to buy or build houses, exposing them to major financial losses when the money is diverted to other uses.

CIC is offering insurance cover to businesses and relatives of Kenyans abroad for whom it is also identifying investment opportunities, said Mr Kuria.

KCB, the largest mortgage financier, is also pitching investment opportunities in the real estate market to Kenyans living abroad while Equity has signed a deal with mobile phone firm Essar that allows its account holders to receive international remittances through the yuCash transfer platform.
vjuma@ke.nationmedia.com